21 CFR 117.20 - Plant and Grounds

What it says

The grounds around a food plant must be kept in a condition that protects against contamination of food, and the plant must be suitable in size, construction and design to facilitate maintenance and sanitary operations, with adequate space for equipment and storage, separation of operations that could cause contamination, and adequate lighting, ventilation and protection against pests.

Paraphrased for plain-language clarity. Always verify against the current published regulation text.

What it means in practice

• Outside conditions matter, since poor drainage, litter and uncontrolled equipment storage can attract pests or lead to contamination.
• Plant layout should allow operations to be separated, for example by location or by controls, where cross-contamination or allergen cross-contact is a concern.
• Floors, walls and ceilings should be constructed so they can be kept clean and in good repair.

What FDA inspectors look for

• Whether grounds are free of conditions that could allow contamination or pest harborage.
• Whether plant layout allows adequate separation and cleaning.
• Whether building structures are in good repair.

Related regulations